Governance, processes and policies

AEMO is a company limited by guarantee incorporated under the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth).

In a company limited by guarantee:

• members do not hold shares, so the company cannot be listed on a stock exchange and members cannot profit from selling shares or increase their interest by buying shares
• dividends are not distributed to members (unlike companies limited by shares)
• members’ liability is limited to the amount they guarantee to contribute if the company is wound up (under AEMO’s Constitution, members’ liability is limited to $1.00)
• directors are generally subject to the same legal duties and liabilities as directors of other public companies.

The company limited by guarantee structure is generally used by charities and for entities involving intergovernmental co-operation for nationally significant service delivery. Besides AEMO, significant companies limited by guarantee with Commonwealth or State/Territory government membership include: Energy Consumers Australia Limited, Education Services Australia Limited, Beyond Blue Limited, National Centre for Vocational Education Research Limited, Australian Education Research Organisation Limited, and Australian Institute for Teaching and School Leadership Ltd.

AEMO is governed by the AEMO Constitution. The Constitution ensures the independence of the Board in undertaking AEMO’s statutory functions. This is intended to ensure stakeholder confidence in the independent and impartial operational decision-making of the Board, which cannot be overridden by AEMO’s members.

AEMO performs the functions and exercises the powers granted under national and Western Australian electricity and gas laws. See AEMO | Legislation and regulation and Appendix A for an overview of AEMO’s legislative framework.

The National Electricity Market and east coast gas markets are underpinned by co-operative legislative schemes governed by the Australian Energy Market Agreement between the Commonwealth and all Australian States and Territories under the auspices of the Council of Australian Governments (COAG).

In carrying out its statutory functions, AEMO operates within a codified framework of laws, regulations and detailed rules which prescribe its activities and how they are conducted. The market rules are made by separate independent bodies – the AEMC for east coast gas and electricity, and the Coordinator of Energy for Western Australian markets.

Any discretion AEMO exercises is limited by those regulatory frameworks and guided by the relevant law’s objectives. AEMO must have regard to achieving the national energy objectives requiring consideration of the long-term interests of energy consumers with respect to price, quality, safety, reliability and security of supply of energy, and the achievement of emissions reductions, in the National Electricity Market and east coast gas markets. A similar state electricity objective is established under Western Australian legislation.

Jurisdictions may also, from time to time, confer additional functions on AEMO in other electricity or gas industry legislation.

Australian Energy Market Agreement

The Australian Energy Market Agreement is the intergovernmental agreement governing the co-operative legislative framework for the national energy laws entered into between the Commonwealth and States and Territories under the auspices of COAG, and overseen by a separate ministerial council consisting of Ministers of all the participating jurisdictions. The council was originally called the Ministerial Council on Energy (MCE), and is now the ECMC.

The AEMA sets out the national governance model for Australian energy markets under the ECMC, which acts as “the national policy and governance body for the Australian energy market including for electricity and gas”. Under clause 4.3, the ECMC is responsible for: “(a) the national energy policy framework; (b) policy oversight of, and future strategic directions for the Australian energy market; (c) governance and institutional arrangements for the Australian energy market; (d) the legislative and regulatory framework within which the market operates and natural monopolies are regulated; (e) longer-term, systemic and structural energy issues that affect the public interest; and (f) such other energy related responsibilities as are conferred by Commonwealth, State or Territory legislation and unanimously agreed by the [ECMC] consistent with this agreement.” The AEMA also sets out the process for considering and approving amendments to the national energy laws.

The AEMA contemplates three energy market bodies:

• The AEMC is responsible for “rule-making and energy market development”, with a list of functions in clause 8.
• The AER is responsible for “regulation and compliance”, with a list of functions in clause 9.
• AEMO is “responsible for the day-to-day operation and administration of both the power system and electricity wholesale spot market in the NEM, the retail electricity markets, the retail and wholesale gas markets and other support activities”. The AEMA does not document AEMO’s functions in further detail.

Both the AEMC and AER were established as statutory bodies, under South Australian and Commonwealth laws respectively, and their high-level governance and funding arrangements were agreed through the AEMA. For AEMO, those arrangements are documented in its constitution and energy market legislation.

Statement of Role

Energy Ministers issued a Statement of Role (SOR) for AEMO in September 2022. The SOR clarifies key elements of AEMO’s governance recognising the legal context of AEMO’s constitution and statutory roles including the shared role of energy ministers in energy market governance ("Energy Ministers have oversight of national energy policy, as well as the governance and associated institutional arrangements and regulatory frameworks”) and the primacy of AEMO’s statutory roles and constitution (“In the event of any inconsistency between this Statement of Role and AEMO’s obligations under law and/or its Constitution or the AEMO directors’ duties, the latter instruments and duties prevail.”)

The SOR provides a role for Energy Ministers to approve plans, performance indicators to be developed and Energy Ministers to provide feedback on AEMO’s performance.

Consistent with the SOR, AEMO develops performance indicators, self-assesses and publicly reports against these by publishing its Statement of Corporate Intent (Strategic Corporate Plan) and Annual Report.

AEMO reports to the ECMC every six months on progress against its annual work plan, budget, key priorities and emerging issues, in line with the reporting expectation set out in the SOR.

AEMO seeks and receives regular structured feedback on its performance from governments and a diverse range of stakeholders.

AEMO is not an agency of any single government, but it has Government Members comprising the Commonwealth, the States and the Australian Capital Territory (see Members).

AEMO is accountable to the ECMC – see Governance architecture established by Energy Ministers. The ECMC appoints all AEMO Directors (except the Managing Director) – see AEMO Board and Directors. Under the AEMA, the jurisdictions have agreed that the ECMC will not be engaged directly in the day-to-day operation of the energy markets or the conduct of regulators.

There is a high level of engagement between AEMO and individual jurisdictions, as required to perform AEMO’s functions under energy laws:

• The national energy legislation includes specific requirements to consult with or advise jurisdictions. For example:
  • In exercising its Reliability and Emergency Reserve Trader function in the NER, AEMO must agree with jurisdictions the arrangements for sharing costs between NEM regions arising from entering reserve contracts and consult with jurisdictions before entering such contracts.
  • In performing its obligations under the Orderly Exit Management Framework (OEMF) in the National Electricity Law and rules, AEMO may be directed by a Minister of a jurisdiction that has opted in to the OEMF to provide advice on the power system security and reliability impacts of a thermal generator’s proposed closure date and alternative options to address those system needs other than extending the unit’s closure date in accordance with the National Electricity Rules.
  • Section 50B of the National Electricity Law sets out AEMO’s additional advisory functions to report on an individual jurisdiction’s power system, including matters relevant to its future capacity and reliability – these functions currently apply for South Australia.
• In addition to statutory reports and consultations, AEMO engages with Ministers and officials regularly to discuss AEMO reports, operational insights and other matters. For example, AEMO consults with jurisdictions on policy-related matters that affects Integrated System Plan inputs and modelling in accordance with its Consultation with jurisdictions for the Integrated System Plan: Guideline.
• Jurisdictional legislation sometimes requires jurisdictions to consult with AEMO. For example, the New South Wales Energy Corporation consults extensively with AEMO in developing certain types of regulations made under the Electricity Infrastructure Investment Act 2020 (NSW), which require AEMO’s concurrence if they affect AEMO’s exercise of its functions.

AEMO is not generally subject to direction by a Minister in relation to the performance of its statutory functions. However, the ECMC (and individual Ministers) may ask AEMO “for information, a report or other services” under section 51 of the National Electricity Law. For example, the Australian Government requested AEMO to administer the CIS under section 51. There is an equivalent section in the National Gas Law (section 91C). AEMO must comply with a request made under these provisions.

AEMO assists Parliaments on energy issues by appearing before and providing evidence to Parliamentary inquiries and supports jurisdictions in meeting their Parliamentary reporting and scrutiny requirements.

AEMO engages extensively with market participants in performing its functions through formal consultations, workshops, webinars, briefings, forums and committees.

AEMO consults formally on its proposed decisions as required by national energy legislation. For example, in developing the 2026 Draft Integrated System Plan, AEMO engaged 1,400 stakeholders, delivered 37 presentations and reports, hosted 17 webinars, and considered 241 written submissions.

In addition to its consultation obligations, AEMO proactively engages on a range of other programs and initiatives consistently with its Stakeholder Engagement Framework. For example, it convenes the NEM Reform Delivery Committee which oversees and advises on the implementation planning for the NEM Reform Program.

The Financial Consultation Committee (FCC) (see Financial management) provides feedback on AEMO’s development of its budget, fees and corporate plan priorities includes market participant representatives nominated by energy industry associations and consumer representatives.

AEMO is governed by a Board of Directors. The roles, responsibilities, and powers of the AEMO Board are set out in the AEMO Constitution.

The Board of Directors is the only decision-making body that is responsible for the performance of AEMO’s statutory functions. Under clause 8.3 of the AEMO Constitution, the Directors, to the exclusion of the members, have responsibility for satisfying any requirement or discharging any duty under the National Electricity Law, National Gas Law or any other law or legislative instrument. The exclusion is intended to ensure market and stakeholder confidence in the independent and impartial decision-making of the Board.

The ECMC appoints all AEMO Directors (except the Managing Director) in accordance with the AEMO Constitution and documents maintained by the ECMC (the Protocol for Appointments to Australian Energy Market Governance Institutions & Panels and Independent Energy Appointments Selection Panel Terms of Reference). These documents require an Independent Energy Appointments Selection Panel appointed by Ministers to conduct a process and prepare a report providing at least two suitable candidates for each vacant Director position for approval by AEMO members. If AEMO members approve the report, the report is submitted to the ECMC for decision by Ministers. The Independent Selection Panel process is also used to fill vacancies for AEMC commissioners, AER board members, and Energy Consumers Australia board members, although there are different processes and roles for ECMC and individual governments in each case.

The AEMO Constitution requires AEMO’s Chair and the majority of the Board to be “Independent Directors” and for at least three directors to have relevant industry expertise/experience. Under the AEMO Constitution, a non-executive Director is considered an “Independent Director” if they are free of any business or other relationship that could materially interfere with the exercise of their unfettered and independent judgment or could reasonably be perceived to do so. The Board must regularly assess the independence of each Director.

Directors’ conflicts of interest are managed in accordance with AEMO’s Directors’ Interest Protocol, which addresses declaration of interests and management of conflicts (both in relation to release of sensitive information to conflicted directors and the deliberation process). Directors are also under obligations under s.191 of the Corporations Act to disclose material personal interests.

As of January 2026, the AEMO Board is comprised of eight Directors: one Independent non-executive Chair, one Managing Director and CEO and six non-executive Directors (five of whom are Independent and one of whom is non-Independent). The AEMO Constitution requires the number of Directors to be at least 5 and not more than 10.

The Board has delegated day-to-day management of AEMO to the Managing Director and CEO (CEO), and the exercise of certain of AEMO’s statutory powers and performance of certain statutory functions to the CEO or sub-delegates appointed by the CEO.

The AEMO Board has established the following subcommittees: Finance, Risk & Audit; Technical, Markets & Systems; People; and Nominations.

The Board has also established Investment Committees for tender functions in relation to the national CIS and the South Australia-Victoria CIS tender. The Investment Committees are comprised of personnel from AEMO and other organisations, including some of the directors of ASL appointed in their own capacity (rather than as ASL directors or representatives), and an independent member.

As noted above, AEMO has both government members comprising all Australian governments (except the Northern Territory) and industry members. Registered energy market participants are eligible to apply to become industry members of AEMO. There are currently 95 industry members of AEMO. For context, as of 22 December 2025, there are 644 registered participants in the NEM (108 of whom are registered in multiple NEM categories), including network businesses, retailers, traders, aggregators, generators and storage providers. There are additional registered participants in the other markets AEMO operates: the WEM and the east coast gas markets (the Declared Wholesale Gas Market, Wallumbilla Gas Supply Hub and the Short Term Trading Market): see AEMO’s functions.

Members’ rights are defined by AEMO’s Constitution and the Corporations Act.

As noted above, AEMO members cannot override the Board in relation to the performance of AEMO’s statutory functions (e.g., its functions under energy laws and rules) either collectively or individually (see above; clause 8.3).

Voting power under AEMO’s Constitution is split between the government members comprising Australian Federal and State/ Territory governments (60 percent voting power) and industry members (40 percent voting power). The AEMO Constitution requires members to vote on the selection panel’s report for Director appointments before this can be submitted to the ECMC (see above; clauses 7.3 and 7.4) and on whether to approve proposed activities to be undertaken in addition to AEMO’s statutory functions such as acquiring a business or making a material financial commitment toward starting a significant new business (clause 8.4). Because of their limited 40% voting power, however, industry members’ approval is only required for decisions which the Corporations Act requires to be passed by special resolution (≥75% votes in support) such as amending the AEMO Constitution and varying the rights of a class of member.

Irrespective of AEMO membership, registered participants and other interested parties can and do engage with AEMO through stakeholder consultations, working groups and forums.

AEMO has a subsidiary, AusEnergy Services Ltd (ASL), which is also a company limited by guarantee incorporated under the Corporations Act. It has two Members: AEMO holding 70 per cent of voting rights and the NSW Government holding 30 per cent of voting rights. Membership is also open to other Australian jurisdictions. ASL is governed by a Constitution and Members Agreement.

See ASL | Our role for a description of ASL’s roles.

• ASL is the Consumer Trustee in New South Wales under the Electricity Infrastructure Investment Act 2020 (NSW). The Consumer Trustee acts independently and in the long-term financial interests of NSW electricity consumers; its functions are set out in legislation.
• In 2023, AEMO was appointed to support the Australian Government to deliver the CIS, which aims to encourage new investment in dispatchable renewable energy generation and storage to help meet national emission reduction targets. AEMO in turn contracted ASL to assist it as an advisor and tender delivery partner, bringing together the AEMO Group’s expertise in energy market design, management, and tender administration.

AEMO complies with all relevant financial management requirements in the Corporations Act.

AEMO consults on its draft annual operating budget and investment plan aligned to its corporate priorities. AEMO's FY26 budget and fees is available here: FY26 Budget and Fees.

The energy laws allow AEMO to fully recover its costs for the performance of its statutory functions on a not-for-profit but full cost recovery basis (see, for example, section 52 of the National Electricity Law).

AEMO’s costs are primarily recovered from registered participants in each relevant market through fees set in accordance with the relevant market rules, and in respect of the national electricity and gas markets, fee structures determined in consultation with stakeholders. For example, AEMO will soon conclude its consultation for the fee structure for NEM participants to apply from a period starting 1 July 2026. Fee structures determined by AEMO are required by the National Electricity Rules to be as consistent as possible with fee structure principles including being reflective of registered participants’ involvement with AEMO’s budgeted revenue requirements.

AEMO also recovers costs through other funding mechanisms such as jurisdictional funding to undertake specific tasks or functions for that jurisdiction.

In relation to its financial and business performance, AEMO provides transparency and accountability to market participants through Annual Reports and annual results presentations. In 2021, AEMO established an advisory Financial Consultation Committee (FCC) comprising a breadth of stakeholders including government, industry and consumers, to provide greater transparency about AEMO’s financial planning, investment, management and cost recoveries. The FCC’s role is to provide feedback on: AEMO’s proposed strategic priorities, programs of work and budgets through the Strategic Corporate Plan and annual Budget and Fees process, and AEMO’s projected revenues, expenses and planned investments. AEMO publishes FCC agendas, materials and minutes.

AEMO’s internal governance supports maximising value for consumers through clear financial delegations and sub-delegations for spending, an internal audit function that scrutinises the effectiveness of financial controls, and an organisational procurement policy focused on achieving value for money.

AEMO operates alongside the Australian Energy Market Commission (AEMC), which makes the rules governing the energy markets, and the AER, which oversees economic regulation, reporting and compliance. AEMO is separate from both the AER (established under Commonwealth legislation) and the AEMC (established under South Australian legislation).

AEMO’s CEO is a member of the Energy Advisory Panel (EAP) with the Chair of the AER, the Chair of the AEMC and the Chief Executive of the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (as an observer). The EAP’s Charter is to facilitate cooperation and collaboration between the energy market bodies to support the energy transition and to provide a sounding board for Energy Ministers on reform proposals. EAP members attend ECMC meetings, as requested, to discuss its advice and to give Ministers the opportunity to provide direction to the EAP and to seek clarification on information or advice provided by the EAP.

AEMO also engages with Energy Consumers Australia, the company set up by Energy Ministers to advocate for consumer interests, to enhance its consideration of consumers’ interests in its decision-making and as required by national energy legislation.

The Board’s responsibilities, as set out in the AEMO Constitution and Board Charter, include monitoring AEMO’s compliance with ethical, legislative and regulatory requirements including energy laws and rules, workplace health and safety, diversity and inclusion, and corporate governance and reporting obligations. AEMO’s approach to managing compliance is set out in the AEMO Group Compliance Policy.

Market participants may raise disputes with AEMO under disputes frameworks in Chapter 8 of the National Electricity Rules and Chapter 15C of the National Gas Rules. Disputes are determined by an independent body appointed by the AER, the Wholesale Energy Market Dispute Resolution Adviser (WEMDRA). There is also an equivalent disputes regime that applies in the WEM.

The AER monitors and enforces AEMO’s compliance with its obligations in performing AEMO’s statutory functions under national energy legislation including in operating the NEM power system and wholesale markets for electricity and gas.

A person aggrieved can apply to the courts for judicial review of a decision, act or omission by AEMO, or bring other legal claims.

The AEMO Group Code of Conduct requires all employees, directors, contractors and consultants to avoid and/or manage any actual, potential or perceived conflict of interest, including by declaring and registering conflicts of interest. Staff undertake regular training to ensure awareness of the Code of Conduct and their conflict of interest responsibilities.

AEMO Board members manage conflicts of interest in accordance with the Directors’ Interest Protocol, which addresses both declaration of interests and management of conflicts (both in relation to release of sensitive information to conflicted directors and the deliberation process).

Additional processes apply to particularly sensitive matters such as tenders. Any conflicts identified must have a corresponding conflict management plan to manage probity risks. For significant tenders, an independent probity auditor is appointed to oversee processes.

National Electricity Law and Rules

The National Electricity Law is contained in the Schedule to the National Electricity (South Australia) Act 1996 (SA), as applied in each participating jurisdiction by ‘application of laws’ legislation.

In summary, the National Electricity Law confers the following functions on AEMO (section 49):

• to operate and administer the wholesale exchange (market);
• to promote the development and improve the effectiveness of the operation and administration of the wholesale exchange;
• to register persons as registered participants, or exempt them from being registered;
• to maintain and improve power system security;
• to facilitate retail customer transfer, metering and retail competition;
• to disclose information to other persons or bodies in accordance with the National Electricity Law, rules and regulations, and provide advisory and support services relating to information AEMO holds;
• any functions of a data holder under the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (Cth) of the Commonwealth for Consumer Data Right data relating to a designated energy sector;
• specified ‘additional advisory functions’ (applied in South Australia);
• national transmission planning functions:
  • to prepare, maintain and publish a plan for the development of the national transmission grid (now the Integrated System Plan)
  • to establish and maintain a database of information relevant to planning the development of the national transmission grid and to make the database available to the public
  • to keep the national transmission grid under review and provide advice on the development of the grid or projects that could affect the grid
  • to provide a national strategic perspective for transmission planning and coordination;
• any other functions conferred by jurisdictional electricity legislation or application legislation, elsewhere in the National Electricity Law or in the rules. Many of AEMO’s functions are qualified and expanded in the detailed National Electricity Rules.

National Gas Law and Rules

The National Gas Law is contained in the Schedule to the National Gas (South Australia) Act 2008 (SA) as applied in participating jurisdictions by corresponding ‘application of laws’ legislation.

In summary, the National Gas Law confers the following functions on AEMO (section 91A):

• to operate and administer gas markets (including the Victorian wholesale gas market, short term trading markets, gas trading exchange and gas capacity auction), and to conduct gas market trials;
• to control the operation and security of the Victorian declared transmission system;
• to promote the development and improve the effectiveness of the operation and administration of gas markets;
• to register persons as registered participants, or exempt them from being registered;
• to facilitate retail customer transfer, metering and retail competition;
• to disclose information to other persons or bodies in accordance with the National Gas Law, rules and regulations, and provide advisory and support services relating to information AEMO holds;
• east coast gas system reliability and supply adequacy functions including:
  • monitoring gas supply adequacy in the east coast gas system
  • publishing information on threats to supply adequacy
  • giving directions necessary to maintain and improve supply adequacy
  • trade in gas or gas services necessary to maintain and improve supply adequacy;
• to operate the Gas Bulletin Board
• to prepare the gas statement of opportunities
• to make procedures related to AEMO’s functions and investigate breaches or possible breaches of the procedures
• any other functions conferred by jurisdictional gas legislation or application legislation, elsewhere in the National Gas Law or in the rules. Many of AEMO’s functions are qualified and expanded in the detailed National Gas Rules.

National Energy Retail Law and Rules

AEMO’s functions in relation to the National Energy Retail Law and Rules are limited, essentially relating to supporting the administration and operation of the Australian Energy Regulator’s (AER) retailer of last resort scheme and providing for AEMO to be advised of, or consulted on, certain matters by the AER.

Electricity Industry Act 2004 (WA), Electricity Industry (Electricity System and Market) Regulations 2004 (WA), Electricity System and Market Rules (WA)

The Electricity Industry Act 2004 (WA) provides for Regulations to be made for the purpose of establishing a wholesale electricity market in relation to the wholesale supply of electricity in the South West Interconnected System (SWIS) and for electricity system and market rules (ESM Rules) for any matter relating to the wholesale electricity market and any matter relating to the operation of the SWIS.

The Electricity Industry (Electricity System and Market) Regulations 2004 (WA) requires the ESM Rules to confer on AEMO, as the system operator, the function of ensuring that the SWIS is operated in a secure and reliable manner and allow for the ESM Rules to confer functions and impose requirements on AEMO as the operator of the SWIS.

In summary, under the ESM Rules, the functions conferred on AEMO are:

• to operate the Reserve Capacity Mechanism, the Short Term Energy Market and the Real-Time Market;
• to settle transactions as required to under the ESM Rules;
• to carry out a Long Term PASA (Projected Assessment of System Adequacy) study and to publish the Statement of Opportunities Report;
• to process applications for participation, and for the registration, deregistration, transfer and Essential System Services accreditation of facilities;
• to procure, schedule and dispatch Essential System Services to meet the Essential System Service Standards;
• to monitor Rule Participants' compliance with the ESM Rules;
• to trigger and administer the Supplementary Essential System Services Mechanism;
• to procure, schedule and dispatch Non-Co-optimised Essential System Services in accordance with the ESM Rules;
• to develop WEM Procedures, and amendments and replacements;
• to support the Economic Regulation Authority's (ERA) monitoring of other Rule Participants’ compliance with the ESM Rules and enforcement by the ERA;
• to contribute to the development and improve the effectiveness of the operation and administration of the WEM;
• to establish, maintain and update a distributed energy resources register;
• to advise and consult with each network operator in respect of AEMO's system operation functions as contemplated under the technical rules applicable to their network;
• to provide information and assistance to the Energy Coordinator relating to the preparation of the Whole of System Plan;
• to contribute to, provide information and assist with, the development of the Transmission System Plan;
• to support the Energy Coordinator's role, and to facilitate and implement decisions by the Energy Coordinator and the Energy Minister regarding the evolution and development of the WEM and the ESM Rules, and the management of power system security and power system reliability in the SWIS; and
• to carry out any other functions conferred, and perform any obligations imposed, under the ESM Rules.

Gas Services Information Act 2012 (WA), Gas Services Information Regulations 2012 (WA), Gas Services Information Rules (WA)

The Gas Services Information Act 2012 (WA) (GSI Act) provide for Regulations to be made to provide for the establishment and operation of a Gas Bulletin Board (GBB), the preparation and publication of a Gas Statement of Opportunities (GSOO) and confer on a person functions relating to establishing and operating the GBB and preparing and publishing the GSOO.

The Gas Services Information Regulations 2012 (WA) (GSI Regulations) confer on AEMO the functions of establishing and operating the GBB, preparing and publishing the GSOO and provide that the Gas Service Information Rules (GSI Rules) to confer functions on AEMO relating to establishing and operating the GBB and preparing and publishing the GSOO.

In summary, under the GSI Rules, the functions conferred on AEMO are:

• to establish, operate and maintain the GBB;
• to register or deregister certain gas market participants and facilities, and exempt certain facilities from the requirement to be registered;
• to prepare and publish the GSOO;
• procedure making functions;
• information gathering and disclosure functions for the purpose of the GSOO and GBB;
• to support the ERA's monitoring and enforcement of persons’ compliance with the rules or procedures;
• to support the Energy Coordinator’s role, and to facilitate and implement decisions by the Energy Coordinator and the Minister, regarding the evolution and development of the GSI Rules; and
• any other functions conferred on AEMO under the GSI Act, the GSI Regulations and the GSI Rules.